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JAIT 2025 Vol.16(11): 1501-1510
doi: 10.12720/jait.16.11.1501-1510

Enhanced Urban Infrastructure Management: IoT-Based Smart Manhole Monitoring System

Saniya Ansari 1,*, Kanchan Vaidya 1, Ankush Kadu 1, Deshinta Arrova Dewi 2, Farook Sayyad 3,
Shabnam Sayyad 4, and Vijayakumar Varadarajan 5
1. Department of Elelctronics and Tele Communication Engineering, Ajeenkya D Y Patil School of Engineering, Pune, India
2. Center for Data Science and Sustainable Technologies, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajeenkya D Y Patil School of Engineering, Pune, India
4. Department of Computer Engineering, AISSMS College of Engineering, Pune, India
5. Department of Computer Engineering, Ajeenkya D Y Patil University, Pune, India
Email: saniya.ansari@dypic.in (S.A.); kanchanvaidya@dypic.in (K.V.); ankushkadu@dypic.in (A.K.); deshinta.ad@newinti.edu.my (D.A.D.); farooksayyad@dypic.in (F.S.); shabnamfsayyad@gmail.com (S.S.); vijayakumar.varadarajan@adypu.edu.in (V.V.)
*Corresponding author

Manuscript received November 20, 2024; revised January 23, 2025; accepted February 19, 2025; published November 7, 2025.

Abstract—A smart city strives to enhance society by offering cleaner and improved amenities, with smart underground infrastructure pivotal to achieving this goal. Monitoring the drainage system is essential to maintaining a clean and healthy environment. Manhole monitoring is inefficient and slow, leading to delays in addressing drainage issues. The suggested system offers a low-cost, low-maintenance alternative, which plots manhole coordinates using Global Positioning System (GPS). Traffic is alerted to impending manholes to avoid them, and information is updated every five minutes. The machine learning algorithm utilized by the system for assessing every state is based on Q-learning. The admin office receives a notification outlining the problem whenever there are sudden changes to the settings. By enhancing manhole maintenance, this strategy will have a significant positive social impact. To guarantee efficacy, a test dataset will be used to test and evaluate the Q-Learning Reinforcement Learning algorithm based on policies and rewards.
 
Keywords—Global Positioning System (GPS), manhole, Q-learning, thinkspeak, twilio, water level, product innovation, process innovation

Cite: Saniya Ansari, Kanchan Vaidya, Ankush Kadu, Deshinta Arrova Dewi, Farook Sayyad, Shabnam Sayyad, and Vijayakumar Varadarajan, "Enhanced Urban Infrastructure Management: IoT-Based Smart Manhole Monitoring System," Journal of Advances in Information Technology, Vol. 16, No. 11, pp. 1501-1510, 2025. doi: 10.12720/jait.16.11.1501-1510

Copyright © 2025 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).

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