Abstract—The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) has led to LowPower Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technologies like Long Range (LoRa), which offer long-range coverage, low power consumption, and scalability, making them ideal for IoT applications. LoRa technology utilizes spreading factors to optimize signal transmission. It uniquely relies on six different Spreading Factors (SFs). Each End Device (ED) uses a SF that ensures correct signal demodulation at the intended Gateway (GW). The long communication range LoRa provides relies on utilizing high values of SF. Such high values of SF also impose low data rate and consequently longer duration of packet transmission time resulting in greater collision probability and reduced network performance. Therefore, for a certain network area under inspection, multiple GW deployments will allow EDs to have more options for GW connectivity, enabling them to select GWs that are closer, utilize lower SFs and thus enhance overall network performance. This paper emphasizes the importance of multiple GW deployment in LoRa telecommunication and investigates its impact on overall network performance. We first developed an OMNeT++ LoRa multi GW simulation model. We tested two different deployment strategies and analyzed the network performance by observing the effects on two key metrics: success rate and success probability. The developed simulation model serves as a valuable tool for testing and analyzing detailed multiple-GW LoRa LPWANs prior to actual deployment.
 
Keywords—Long Range (LoRa), LowPower Wide Area Network (LPWAN), Internet of Things (IoT), multiple Gateway (GW) deployment, network performance, simulation study


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